Nursery Turmeric (Kunyit)
1) Requirements SeedsGood seeds turmeric rhizome derived from the breakdown, because moreeasy to grow. Conditions of good seed: derived from plantsgrow fast, fresh, healthy, leafy and green, sturdy, avoidof disease attack; enough age / coming from rhizomes that have beenaged> 7-12 months; shapes, sizes, and colors of uniforms; haveenough water content; seeds have endured a period of rest (dormancy) enough;protected from foreign material (other crop seeds, bark, gravel).
2) Preparation of SeedsRhizome seed material is cut in order to obtain the size and weightuniform and to estimate the number of eyeshoots / rhizome. The former piece closed with kitchen ash / husk orsoak the rhizome is cut with a fungicide solution (Benlate andagrymicin) in order to avoid fungal growth. Each piece of rhizomemaximum has 1 -3 buds, weighing between 20-30 grams and3-7 cm long.
3) Seed seeding technique
Turmeric rhizome bud growth can be stimulated by means of:blow-aired roots in the shade or moist during the 1 to 1.5months, with watering 2 times a day (morning and afternoon). Seedlings growwell when stored in room temperature (25-28)
C). Also putrhizome of straw on the air temperature around 25-28
C. and soakbi bits in a solution of ZPT (growth regulator) for 3 hours. ZPT whichoften used is Atonik solution (1 cc / 1.5 liters of water) and solution G-3(500-700 ppm). The roots should be soaked in a solution of ZPTformerly dried for 42 hours at air temperature 35
C. Number of tillersor weight of rhizome can be enhanced by soaking inpakloburazol solution of 250 ppm.
4) Transfer of SeedSeedlings that have been prepared and placed in the nursery, where the rhizomewould appear old plant shoots were 1 to 1.5 months. After budgrow 2 -3 cm in the roots have to be planted on the land. Displacementseedlings that have sprouted up must be done carefully in orderavoid for shoots that have grown from being damaged. If thereshoot / root seedlings are interlinked, the roots are separated bycarefully and then place the seeds in containers to facilitatetransport of seeds into field sites. If the distance between the nurserywith much land should be protected for the seeds remain moist andwhen ti ba fresh on site. During transport, seedlings weregerminate should not be piled.
Nursery Jahe
Ginger is propagated by rhizome cuttings, for get a good seed rhizome should be selected. Height wilt bacterial contamination in the season for seed (contagion seed), then the selection of seed needs to be done since the planting, selected from healthy plants, free of pests attacks plants (OPT). Some important diseases in plants of ginger common, especially the large white ginger, is a bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum), Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum), wilting rizoktonia (Rhizoctonia solani), nematodes (Rhodopolus similis) and Ginger Competitive Technology 4 Center for Estate Crops Research and Development pest flies rhizome (Mimergralla coeruleifrons, Eumerus figurans) and bug shield (Aspidiella hartii). Seed provision Ginger rhizome is used as a seed are: - Coming from a healthy crop, the land must be free of pathogens - Leather rhizome shiny (pithy) - High fiber content and coarse - The skin slippery and hard, not easy to peel - Age at least 9 months of harvest rhizome - Young rhizome segments are not used - Free of pests and diseases and not handicapped Seedbed Before planting the seedlings should have started to appear candidate bud (bud initiation). If not visible sprouting (rhizome freshly harvested), the roots must ditunaskan first by menyemaikan namely, menghamparkannya on straw / reed thin, in the shade. Can also be used containers or shelves made of bamboo or wood as the base. During the seeding done watering every day as needed, to keep moisture seed. The seeds are already sprouting is then selected and cut to size. To prevent bacterial and fungal infections before planting done soaking in antibiotic solution with the recommended dose or sprinkled with kitchen ash (rice husk). Then wind dried. Nursery stages as follows: - The location of the nursery, in the shade - Place the nursery, choose a dry land, the land backed straw, or you can use bamboo shelf - Separating the seeds, the roots are stacked above the pedestal / rack and closed straw. The number of piles not more than 5 layers - Maintenance of the nursery, is kept moist, and watered every day Ginger Competitive Technology Research and Development Center Plantation 5 Seed Selection The work includes activities to separate selection rhizome that do not germinate, the roots are brittle or rot due to pests or diseases. By doing this selection expected to be obtained seeds really healthy, good, uniform and will produce a crop-growth simultaneously. Criteria for good seed: - The weight of 40-60 g (JPB); 20-40 g (JPK and JM) - Having 2-3 going good buds - Height 1-2 cm shoots
Nurseries Wild GingerPerformed using a ginger plant propagation rimpangrimpangnya
either parent rhizome (the main rhizomes) and rootstiller (rhizome branch). Purposes is the parent rhizome 1500-2000
kg / ha and rhizome branches as much as 500-700 kg / ha.
1) Requirements Seeds
Rhizome to plant the seeds taken from a healthy old age of 10 -12
months.
2) Preparation of Seeds
Disassembled and cleaned the parent plant roots and soil attached
the rhizome. Separate from the parent rhizome rhizome child.
a. Seed parent rhizome
Parent rhizome split into four parts containing 2-3
buds and dried for 3-4 hours for 4-6 consecutive days.
After that rhizomes can be planted directly.
b. Seed rhizome child
Save rhizome new child taken in damp and dark places
for 1-2 months to get out new shoots. Preparation of seedlings can also
performed by hoarding rhizomes in the soil at the site
shady, meyiraminya with clean water every morning / late afternoon until
out shoots. The roots have sprouted immediately cut into pieces
into pieces that have 2-3 buds are ready to be planted.
Seedlings from the parent rhizome rhizome better than puppies.
Better be prepared just before planting the seeds for quality seed is not
reduced due to storage.
Temulawak
NurseriesPerformed using a ginger plant propagation rimpangrimpangnya
either parent rhizome (the main rhizomes) and roots
tiller (rhizome branch). Purposes is the parent rhizome 1500-2000
kg / ha and rhizome branches as much as 500-700 kg / ha.
1) Requirements Seeds
Rhizome to plant the seeds taken from a healthy old age of 10 -12
months.
2) Preparation of Seeds
Disassembled and cleaned the parent plant roots and soil attached
the rhizome. Separate from the parent rhizome rhizome child.
a. Seed parent rhizome
Parent rhizome split into four parts containing 2-3
buds and dried for 3-4 hours for 4-6 consecutive days.
After that rhizomes can be planted directly.
b. Seed rhizome child
Save rhizome new child taken in damp and dark places
for 1-2 months to get out new shoots. Preparation of seedlings can also
performed by hoarding rhizomes in the soil at the site
shady, meyiraminya with clean water every morning / late afternoon until
out shoots. The roots have sprouted immediately cut into pieces
into pieces that have 2-3 buds are ready to be planted.
Seedlings from the parent rhizome rhizome better than puppies.
Better be prepared just before planting the seeds for quality seed is not
reduced due to storage.
Media Processing Plant
1)
Land Preparation
Planting site can be a moor land, plantation or
yard. Preparation of land for a garden of ginger should be done
30 days before planting.
2) Land Opening
Land cleared of other plants and weeds that can
interfere with the growth of turmeric. Land hoeing as deep as 30 cm
until the soil becomes loose.
3) Formation of beds
Land made beds as wide as 120-200 cm, height 30 cm and the distance between
beds 30-40 cm. In addition in the form of beds, land can also
formed to map the plot of a rather wide-moat that surrounded
intake and discharge water, especially if ginger will
planted in the rainy season.
4) Organic Fertilizers (before planting)
Mature manure incorporated into the planting hole as much as 1-2
kg. Purposes of manure for one hectare garden is 20-25 tons
because on one hectare of land plants are 20000-25000.
Planting Technique
1) Determination of Crop Pattern
Planting done in monoculture and performed better on
beginning of the rainy season except in areas with irrigation along
time. The initial phase of growth is the time when crops need
plenty of water.
2) Pembutan Planting Hole
Planting hole is made in the upper beds / mapped to the size of hole 30
x 30 cm with a depth of 60 cm. The distance between holes is 60 x 60
cm.
3) How Planting
One seed is inserted into the planting hole with the position of buds
facing upwards. After the seeds backfilled with soil as deep as 10
cm.
4) Period of Cultivation
Ginger planting time at the start of the rainy season to harvest time
upcoming dry season. Planting at the beginning of this rainy season
allows for adequate water supply for the young plants
indeed in dire need of water at the beginning of its growth.
6.4. Plant Maintenance
1) stitching
Plants that are damaged or dead is replaced by a healthy seedlings which are
seed reserves.
2) Weeding
Weeding weeds do the morning / afternoon that grow on
beds or plots aimed to avoid food competition
and water. The first and second Peyiangan performed on two and four
months after planting (in conjunction with fertilization). Next
weeding can be done as soon as the weeds grow. For
prevent damage to roots, weeds weeded with the help of
kored / hoe with caution.
3) Pembubunan
Pembubunan activity needs to be done at planting rimpangrimpangan
rhizome growth media to give a fairly good.
Pembubunan done by hoard back rooting area with
falling water-borne soil. Pembubunan done routinely after
do weeding.
4) Fertilization
a. Organic Fertilization
On organic farms that do not use chemicals
including fertilizers and drugs, then fertilization is
that is by using organic compost or organic fertilizer
performed more frequently than the cage if we use
artificial fertilizers. The provision of organic compost is done
in the early planting at the time of manufacture guludan as fertilizer
basis as much as 60-80 tons per hectare are stocked and mixed
processed soil. To conserve the use of compost can also
performed by filling each hole in the initial planting
planting as much as 0.5 - 1kg per plant. Fertilizer insertion
then performed at the age of 2-3 months, 4-6 months, and 80-10
months. The dosages of insertion of 2-3 kg per plant.
Provision of compost is usually done after the activity
weeding and simultaneously with pembubunan activity.
b. Conventional Fertilization
§ Early Fertilization
Given basic fertilizer when planting was as much as 100 SP-36
kg / ha and distributed in the fly as deep as 5 cm between rows
plants or inserted into a hole as deep as 5 cm in
distance of 10 cm from the newly planted seedlings. Or bolt holes
fertilizer and then covered with soil. Shortly after fertilization
Direct plants watered to prevent drought shoots.
§ Following Fertilization
At age two months, the plants fertilized with manure
cage as much as 0.5 kg / plant (10 to 12.5 tons / ha), 95 kg / ha urea
and 85 kg / ha KCl. Fertilizer given back to the old time
plants reach four months in the form of urea and KCl with a dose
each 40 kg / ha. Fertilizers are given by way of deployed
evenly in the fly at a distance of 20 cm from the base of the stem
plants and then covered with soil.
5) Irrigation and Watering
Watering is done regularly in the morning / late afternoon when plants
still in early infancy. Next Watering
determined by soil conditions and climate. Usually watering will be more
mostly done in the dry season. To maintain growth
remain good, the soil should not be located in the dry state.
6) Left of Pesticide Spraying
Pesticide spraying has been done if symptoms of pest attack
disease.
7) Pemulsaan
As far as possible pemulsaan with straw during the early stages of planting for
avoid soil drought, damage to soil structure (to be not
loose / dense) and prevent excessive growth of weeds.
Straw is spread evenly over the soil surface between the hole
plant.
KULIT MANIS/KAYU MANIS
Sweet Skin CultivationSome aquaculture farming activities conducted by cinnamon
farmers in the study area based on direct observation and results
interview is as follows:
1. Nursery (Nursery)
Farmers who planted sweet skin generally begin with
nurseries before planting on land. Nurseries do not cinnamon
need a special place because seedlings grown directly on the main points
of cinnamon. Seedlings obtained from seeds, dried beans directly spread yng
sweet skin around the subject, then grow.
2. Land Preparation
Before planting was held there needs pegolahan land,
yaitutelebih first before cleaning the land to be planted, and
clearing weeds so as not to disrupt the process of planting and
land clearing seemed bersih.proses can be done by sickle, preparation
hole with the size of 1x1 meters and the distance of one planting hole with a hole
Another plant is about 5-7 meters, it was made because these plants every
year will grow tall and widened laterally.
3. Cultivation
The process of planting the process of moving from plant seeds cinnamon
The main staple sweet side skin to the land that had been prepared. But
at planting should be noted there should be protective, usually leather plant
things in will simplify the process of plant growth. After the land cultivated
then the seeds are planted directly or dimasukakan to places that have been provided.
4. Maintenance, weeding, pest and disease eradication Plants
Maintenance is very important in plants, but especially for crops
sweet skin does not require special care like other plants because
This plant is a plant where shade trees are planted
will quickly grow. Cinnamon plant maintenance does not require
special attention to farmers because the plant is a plant cinnamon
side fence or barrier plant used as a farmer with land
Another farmer, maintenance focused on major crops are coffee and
rubber. So it does not require maintenance costs in the calculation of business
