MEDICINAL PLANT CULTIVATIONPRODUCTION ASPECT
The cultivation of medicinal plants can be performed either by means of (1) monoculture or (2) intercropping techniques. Intercropping techniques are mainly adopted when the land area is limited. Intercropping techniques that are used with plants of shorter period to harvest will generate income for farmers during the waiting period before they can get income from the medicinal plants. Other advantages of intercropping system include: (a) reduced risk of loss when the price of medicinal plants declines, (2) increased land productivity, and improved physical properties and preserved land due to low possibility of weed growing in the area. Plants that can be intercropped with medicinal plants include corn, beans, shallot, chillies, green beans, and sweet potato.
The cultivation processes of medicinal plants generallyinclude seedling, processing planting media, planting, maintaining plants, harvesting and post-harvest management. Seedling includes sowing seeds and seed preparation before planting. Depending on the condition of the land, the stages in planting media management can include such activities as preparing the land, opening the land, constructing beds, and lime management. Maintaining plants include such activities as replacing dead seedling with healthy ones, weeding, fertilizing, irrigation and watering, and management of insects, diseases and weed
Some things to note relating to climate factors in
turmeric plant growth:
a. Turmeric can grow well in areas that have
full light intensity or moderate, so this plant is very good
live in open places or a little shade.
b. The best growth is achieved in areas with rainfall
1000-4000 mm / year. When grown in the area rainfall <1000
mm / year, then the irrigation system should strive to fairly and orderly
good. These plants can be cultivated all year round. Growth
The best is at the beginning of the rainy season planting.
c. The optimum air temperature for these plants between 19-30 oC.
Turmeric grows well in lowland (range <240 m above sea level) until
highland (> 2000 m asl). Optimal Production + 12 tonnes / ha achieved
PREPARING THE SEED "GINGER".
"Ginger" or in Latin is called Zingiber officinale that we usually use as a spice in the kitchen, it is best if planted on land that gets enough sunlight. " "Ginger" when planted in a shady yard, to grow and seems also to flourish. However, the fertile leaves only cuman. Even small tuber. Though our target is not that we want to take their leaves.
So far, there is the mistaken assumption that "ginger" can grow anywhere easily, so be plugged on the lands that are not hoeing, usually will produce bulbs "ginger" is disappointing.
PREPARING THE SOIL.
If a piece of land on the edge of the river approximately 45 m height above sea level, make a deep ditches 75 cm - 1 m wide 1 / 2 m, the distance between the gutter that the gutter the other one with 1 / 2 m in order to generate excavation on it. After that leave it open just like that for 2 x 3 months in order to be given manure or compost gradually each time to give fertilizer, do not forget to close it with soil, so fertilizer is not damaged useless. If at the beginning of the rainy season will have started drizzling rain, the gutters have been completed earlier given fertilizer and soil, so you can guludan-guludan as high as 30 cm, which will be ditancapi seed "ginger". The distance between guludan guludan another one with a minimum should be 1 m. Because the plant "ginger" later to grow to a height of 80 cm, which is usually used sebagaibibit, usually pieces of roots that stay there one or several pieces unasnya (eyes). But in seeking seed "ginger" select pieces of the greatest living roots and thick.
"Ginger" we know there are two types. Both can be differed by the color of the roots of residence. In the "ginger" red, the color purple roots, being on the "ginger" regular, cream-colored roots. "Ginger" the usual, normally used as a spice in cooking.
"Ginger" red is usually used as ingredients to confirm the efficacy of push-empon empon (spices) and others jejamuan. It's up to you want to plant seeds "ginger" the usual or the red. Depending on which one you need.
HOW TO PLANTING "GINGER".
If you have selected seeds "ginger" what would you plant, then the seeds of "ginger" that you choose must be planted as deep as 5 cm in the soil, with a distance of 1 / 2 m, between each seed "ginger" earlier should planted serial train.
After planting the seeds, you do not stop to collect manure, because it is still necessary also to accumulate plant later when it's as high as 15-20 cm.
HOW picked OUTCOME.
After approximately 10 months, they lived roots have practically full grown (can not grow anymore). Its leaves also started to dry and that's when you can collect the results.
To dismantle guludan soil, preferably using a hoe or a fork so that the roots stay "ginger" is not damaged. Do not take the products to uproot plants for granted. The result of normal farm production per hectare is 60 quintals. So if you are not yet able to achieve this target, something is wrong, technically less than perfect, so still need to be repaired.
However, sometimes there are times when there is market demand for "ginger" young. In this case, had to collect "ginger" that after the plant reaches a height of approximately 1 / 2 m, before the leaves become dry.
Usually "ginger" follows a young trafficked part of the trunk too long about 20 cm, but usually the local demand.
All results are freshly harvested, should be cut, the roots and base of the trunk, so just stay the tuber-shaped hands alone. Precisely shaped parts such as arms trading but this is what the soil needs to be cleaned.
Clumps of soil attached to the "ginger" should be removed so it can clean and sold.
In Jamaica, "ginger" newly collected immediately thrown into a bath-tub of water, then diobok to meddle with his own net. If your planter results for export, tubers "ginger"'d have to clean all of the skins outer membrane. In Jamaica known as a manufacturer of "ginger" The best dry, peel the outer membrane by hand after the "ginger-ginger" was soaked in hot water. Once peeled inserted again into the water, to wash again until clean. Then the "ginger" that has been soaked in clean water again for one night. Sometimes in the tub-soaking tub is also affixed lime juice, so that the color of "ginger" was still young. After that all dried on mats disinar full day sun, when it's inserted into the barn dry afternoon.
After this dried for 7 days, usually "ginger" is quite dry. And weighs approximately 70% live alone than the original weight. However, levels of pollen "Ginger" it still there were about 12% and quality is considered good, so the behavior to be sold. "Ginger" who are considered high quality indeed "ginger-ginger" big and clean, but not dry, the interior there are no parts that are broken and not wrinkled.
"Ginger" was included in medicinal plants at the same time nutritious food seasonings. "Ginger" is also known to contain natural anti-pain so it is quite a lot of people who use oil "ginger" as a pain reliever and is also swollen.
